Answer:
A carbon tax aims to make individuals and firms pay the full social cost of carbon pollution. In theory, the tax will reduce pollution and encourage more environmentally friendly alternatives. However, critics argue a tax on carbon will increase costs for business and reduce levels of investment and economic growth.
pros-cons-carbon-tax
The purpose of a carbon tax
The purpose of a carbon tax is to internalise this externality. What this means is that the final price of the good should include the external costs and not just the private cost. It is similar to the ‘polluter pays principle.‘ – which was incorporated into international law at the 1992 Rio Summit. It simply means those who cause environmental costs should be made to pay the full social cost of their actions.
Diagram to show welfare loss of a negative externality
negative-externality-id
This diagram shows that in a free market (without any tax), we get overconsumption (Q1) of carbon, leading to a welfare loss to society.
Social efficiency with Carbon Tax
tax-on-negative-externality
Explanation:
A. The law includes the presumption of innocence and the freedom of speech and religion. The UAE constitution is influenced from Sharia law and though the freedom to exercise one's religion is generally tolerable, any criticism of the government, royal family, police and/or authority will be severely punished, making freedom of speech highly regulated in the country. Gender equality is also emphasized and women are allowed to serve in higher positions of government along with their male counterparts.
It creates a shadow.Hope I helped.
As a whole, Globalization is trying to unify the world together, by integrating people, currency, and governments in hopes of greater interaction levels, so, I say it is D.
