Sojourner Truth's claim is that she is a woman but because she is African American, she is seen as not being good enough. She points out how nobody ever helps her, she works harder than a man would, eats as much as a man, and while she may not be as "intellectual", that it has nothing to do with how women or African Americans should be treated. Her point is very valid for every one of those reasons.
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The answer is D, personification.
The couplet is giving human traits to things like time, saying that they drive flocks. That's a great example of personification, which means you're giving human attributes to non-human things.
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Either the main character in the story or a character that is in conflict with another character in the story