Quadrat method is used for estimating the number of individuals in an area. In this method, a large square area on the ground or water surface is marked, call it an enclave. The number of animals present in this enclave is counted. Then by assuming that the animals are less migratory and are uniformly distributed, their number for a large area is estimated by the use of unitary method of calculation. Example a 4 square feet area has 2 snails, then a 1000 square feet area will have (1000 x 2)/4, i.e, 500 snails in it. Fishes can be counted using this method only if they are confined in a small water body like a lake or a pond. Rivers are flowing so the fishes may move along its length which can give us an underestimate or an overestimate of their numbers. Sea has its depth and huge area, and fishes can be moving randomly in it. Hence this method will not work for river and sea fishes.
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To solve a Punnett square, we need to master the fields in the attached picture
In the question, the given keys are:
Dominant allele Y → yellow
Recessive allele y → green
Y | y Y | YY Yy Y | YY YyThis would be the Punnett square for this question
Percentage of offspring to have yellow seeds?
Yellow is Y, then we should count which alleles had YY as a genotype?
YY = 2 out of 4, then
50%
Answer:
1. antibodies
2. hormones
3. kidney stones
4. transport proteins
5. protein-energy malnutrition
6. coenzymes
7. buffer
8. kwashiorkor
Explanation:
1. ANTIBODIES are proteins that aid the immune system in its fight against bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substance by binding to them and helping to inactivate or destroy them.
2. HORMONES are substances made of protein or lipid released into the bloodstream in order to direct physiological activity in the body.
3. A high-protein diet can increase the risk of KIDNEY STONES because the body will have an increased acid level.
4. TRANSPORT PROTEINS carry many substances through the blood or allow movement of substances in and out of cells.
5. PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION is the phenomenon used to describe an inadequate intake of proteins and/or calorie content.
6. COENZYMES are molecules that play vital roles in the function of an enzyme. Coenzyme in form of vitamins are utilized by enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions.
7. Proteins can act like BUFFER (a substance with a stable pH) in order to regulate the acid-base balance in the body.
8. KWASHIORKOR is a malnutrition deficiency that result from the insufficiency of dietary protein, resulting in swelling in the feet, legs, and stomach among other symptoms.
Answer:
I think b.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to form co2.
