To tell readers what they are looking at and why is the image is relevant
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I believe the answer is: italians take over and change white and black cultural traditions
The author make a reference on the migration of italian citizens to united states (mostly new york and chicago). The italian immigrants brought a mafia culture to united states which back than were in a fight for dominance for black and white culture.
First, you find the simple subject and simple predicate.
If the '-ing' form of the verb is not part of the simple predicate, then determine how it is used in the sentence. If it's in a noun position, then it's a gerund. If it is used as an adjective, then it will be a participle.