Answer:
Explanation:
The cell membrane separates the cell from the outer environment. The extracellular fluid contains the sodium ions (Na+), chloride ions (Cl-), while intracellular fluid contains potassium (K +) and negative anions.
The potential difference arises when the membrane is selectively permeable to some ions. The resting potential is -70mV.
When the neurons get excited, the sodium ions start to enter by sodium channels.
Now there are more positive ions inside the cell membrane. It disturbs the resting potential i.e. -70mV. This stage is known as depolarization.
When the inside environment of the cell is more positively charged, the potassium ions start to move out of the cell. It goes out by the voltage-gated channels. Thus resting stage is maintained and it is known as repolarization.
But the initial stability of the cell membrane has to be maintained. To restore the resting stage, the sodium ions start to move out of the membrane and potassium ions enter into the cells again. This is an active transport and has done by the Na+ - K+ pump. Here 3 sodium ions move out and 2 potassium ions pumped into the cell through the plasma membrane.
Thus the resting potential regains. The potassium ions come back into the cells against the concentration gradient and ATP provides the energy for this phenomena.
Answer: hydrogen
Explanation:
Two elements make up the overwhelming majority of the sun's matter, by mass: hydrogen (about 70 percent) and helium (about 28 percent).
1) determine the probability of individuals inheriting a disease
2) In the future, new genetic mutations will arise, and knowing to understand genetics would be important in helping analyze the problem/mutation in genetic recombination.
3) Genetics allows us to link diseases to one another (pedigrees) by analyzing if they are recessive, dominant, and/or autosomal, this allows us, as scientists to be able to identify and classify future diseases, and to determine their inheritance pattern, in the future.
Answer:
Coelenterates are the first invertebrates to develop a true nervous system.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
ATP – or Adenosine Triphosphate – is the primary energy carrier in all living organisms on earth. Microorganisms capture and store energy metabolized from food and light sources in the form of ATP.
When the cell requires energy, ATP is broken down through hydrolysis. The high energy bond is broken and a phosphoryl group is removed. The energy released from this process is used to drive various cellular processes. ATP is constantly formed and broken down as it participates in biological reactions and it is central to the health and growth of all life. Without it, cells could not transfer energy from one location to another, making it impossible for organisms to grow and reproduce.
ATP is a nucleotide that consists of three main structures: the nitrogenous base, adenine; the sugar, ribose; and a chain of three phosphate groups bound to ribose.
