Characteristics of Hierarchical Leadership
A hierarchy is a logical organizational structure in which power belongs to the position rather than the individual. The risk of an organization's leader abusing power is thus reduced.
Hopefully that helps ^
The quote from the above excerpt which best illustrates Della's optimism is this: 'MY HAIR GROWS SO FAST, JIM. To be optimist is to be hopeful and confident about tomorrow. In the passage given above, Della's husband has just bought for her a set of expensive hair combs which she had seriously craved for, but now she has cut her hair to buy a watch chain for her husband, so the combs are useless to her. But she is optimistic that her hair will grow back very soon and she will be able to use the combs.