During cellular respiration, redox reactions basically transfer this bond energy in the form of electrons from glucose to molecules called electron carriers. So an electron carrier is basically a molecule that transports electrons during cellular respiration.
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The iron in the supplement is already in the ferrous form.
Answer:
mRNA: 3' AUG-AAU-GCU-GCC-GGU-GA-5'
amino acids : methionine, asparagine, alanine, arginine, proline
type of mutation: deletion, missense
Explanation:
The mRNA sequence is complementary to the DNA sequence. A always pairs with T, C always pairs with G. Except this is an RNA sequence not a DNA sequence, so T is replaced with U.
The mRNA sequence is translated into an amino acid sequence based on the triplet code. The triplet code for this sequence is shown in the attached picture. Each triplet signifies a specific amino acid. The codon can be identified from the table and placed in sequence. We can see that the new DNA strand has caused a new amino acid sequence. It has also left us with an incomplete sequence, as GA cannot signify an amino acid.
The type of mutation is a single base deletion. We can see that the base C is missing from the 9th amino acid in the original strand. As you can see, this has an ongoing affect on all the bases in the rest of the sequence, as it changes the way the sequence is organised into codons. This results in a missense mutation.
The first major difference between prokaryote and eukaryote gene expression is the location. Due to lack of compartments (nucleus) prokaryotic gene expression (both transcription and translation) occurs within the cytoplasm (genetic material is located within the cytoplasm). So, transcription and translation in prokaryote occurs simultaneously. Gene expression in eukaryote occurs in both the nucleus (transcription) and cytoplasm (translation).
The steps of regulation of gene expression are also dissimilar, in prokaryotic cell, transcription is mostly the main point of regulation (eukaryote have transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translation regulation together with epigenetic regulation).
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