Historians divide history into large and small units in order to make characteristics and changes clear to themselves and to students. It’s important to remember that any historical period is a construction and a simplification. In Asia, because of its huge land mass and multiple diverse cultures, there are several overlapping timelines. Also, for the same reason, different regions have different histories, but they all intersect — in myriad ways — at different points in history. Below are some important basics to get you started.
Orthographic projection of Asia (image adapted from: Koyos + Ssolbergj, CC BY-SA 4.0)
In Rome’s legislative branch, plebeians served in the Assemblies while the Senate’s members were "patricians". This word meant "father" and they were given far more responsibility than the plebeians.