Explanation:
Although the words “separation of church and state” do not appear in the First Amendment, the establishment clause was intended to separate church from state. When the First Amendment was adopted in 1791, the establishment clause applied only to the federal government, prohibiting the federal government from any involvement in religion. By 1833, all states had disestablished religion from government, providing protections for religious liberty in state constitutions. In the 20th century, the U.S. Supreme Court applied the establishment clause to the states through the 14th Amendment. Today, the establishment clause prohibits all levels of government from either advancing or inhibiting religion.
The Supreme Court has cited Jefferson’s letter in key cases, beginning with a polygamy case in the 19th century. In the 1947 case Everson v. Board of Education, the Court cited a direct link between Jefferson’s “wall of separation” concept and the First Amendment’s establishment clause.
Answer:
C.
It was the turning point of the war because it forced General Lee and his army to begin a slow, defensive campaign of retreat to their home country for supplies and a fresh stock of soldiers.
Explanation:
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It was driven by skepticism about traditional ideas and beliefs
It’s also affected North America by giving an idea to change the colonies to its own nation.
Gave the ideas of (freedom of speech, equality, freedom)
Russia’s heavy losses in WWI quickened existing calls for a political revolution against the tsar, as corruption and economic stagnation left millions of Russians in misery. By contrast, America’s economy was booming during the same period, largely due to a system of free enterprise. Political “radicalism” and especially Russian “Bolshevism,” then, were seen as unnecessary and dangerous.
