The brain area pinpointed is known to be intimately involved in some of the most advanced planning and decision-making processes that we think of as being especially human.
'We tend to think that being able to plan into the future, be flexible in our approach and learn from others are things that are particularly impressive about humans. We've identified an area of the brain that appears to be uniquely human and is likely to have something to do with these cognitive powers,' says senior researcher Professor Matthew Rushworth of Oxford University's Department of Experimental Psychology.
MRI imaging of 25 adult volunteers was used to identify key components in the ventrolateral frontal cortex area of the human brain, and how these components were connected up with other brain areas. The results were then compared to equivalent MRI data from 25 macaque monkeys.
This ventrolateral frontal cortex area of the brain is involved in many of the highest aspects of cognition and language, and is only present in humans and other primates. Some parts are implicated in psychiatric conditions like ADHD, drug addiction or compulsive behaviour disorders. Language is affected when other parts are damaged after stroke or neurodegenerative disease. A better understanding of the neural connections and networks involved should help the understanding of changes in the brain that go along with these conditions.
The Oxford University researchers report their findings in the science journal Neuron.
Professor Rushworth explains: 'The brain is a mosaic of interlinked areas. We wanted to look at this very important region of the frontal part of the brain and see how many tiles there are and where they are placed.
'We also looked at the connections of each tile -- how they are wired up to the rest of the brain -- as it is these connections that determine the information that can reach that component part and the influence that part can have on other brain regions.'
From the MRI data, the researchers were able to divide the human ventrolateral frontal cortex into 12 areas that were consistent across all the individuals.
Answer:
Character displacement.
Explanation:
Character displacement is an evolutionary divergence that occurs to two similar type of species that live or inhabit an enviroment. As with all living organisms, natural selection favors those who can change, adapt, evolve in any way (could be a behavior, morphological or physiological change) to reduce their competitive pressure for resources, increasing their chance for survival. Another very interesting fact is that, even if character displacement occurs in many species living in the same enviroment, if said enviroment is changed (just like in the example) the displacement will be undone. As in the exercise, when in the enviroment both types of beetles seek prey without the other. But, in the laboratory, both are nocturnal. This is a trait of character displacement in which if the enviroment factor is changed, it might dissapear.
Answer:
It could affect the way we face certain problems.
There will always be problems with the mixing of community.
Since there are no options to choose from, my best answers would be:
encourages, discourages
********* Note I am not 100% sure that this is correct. This is just my best effort to help. *******************************************************************************
The holy trinity is a Christian belief that God, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit are all one
