Answer:
D) EPSPs
Explanation:
Glutamate is a very important and powerful excitatory neurotransmitter. It is largely secreted by nerve cells present in the brain. Glutamate is known to bind ionotropic receptors. By ionotropic we mean to say that on ligand binding, such receptors tend to open and allow passage of ions. As soon as glumatate binds its receptor present on the plasma membrane, it causes excitatory electrical responses to occur by opening Na⁺ channels which causes influx of Na⁺. More Na⁺ inside the neurons leads to the change in the membrane potential which is known as EPSPs (excitatory postsynaptic potential) and this state is known as depolarized state.
In short, glutamate causes sodium ion channels to open up in the neurons and this flow of Na⁺ is known as excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and as explained in the paragraph above, this EPSC finally leads to EPSPs (excitatory postsynaptic potential).
Answer: 1. larva, 2. nymph
Explanation:
In complete metamorphosis the precursor of insect undergoes with four distinct stages to develop into complete adult insect. These are egg, larva, pupa and adult.
In incomplete metamorphosis the insect precursor hatches from an egg and then goes through several nymphal stages similar to adult.
Therefore, in complete metamorphosis the immature stage is called as larva and in the incomplete metamorphosis the immature stage is called as nymph.
Answer:
because There were approximately 37.6 million people across ... marking a 30% decline in new HIV infections since 2010.
Supercooling and Superheating. "superheating". Generally speaking, a substance undergoes a "phase change" from liquid state to gaseous state when it is heated to its boiling point.
"Supercooling" is the process of chilling a liquid below its freezing point, without it becoming solid.
Answer:
proteins is the answer of this question
