A king has criminals in his country publicly executed to scare others into obeying the law
Before Einstein, it was believed that science was just all about compact summaries and experience during research. When Einstein arrives on the scene, his theory of relativity was able to open new paths towards complicated mathematical equations that other scientists didn't know about. This opened up tons of opportunities that shaped up science and how we calculate various mathematical problems that can be used in various aspects of the world.
"A" would be the correct answer. Even though the main goal of the voyage was to find a different sea route to Asia. Bartolome and other Portuguese explorer have also made stops along the African coast and started to realize how could of an alternative they would be compared to the Mediterranean trade routes.
I'm positive with the answer tho