Answer:
The Columbian exchanged fostered massive changes in both the Americas and Europe.
For the Americas, the first, and most radical change was the decimation of the Native American population, due to the spread of diseases of Eurasian origin, such as measles and syphillis, for which the Native Americans did not have any defenses. According to some historians, the spread of this diseases killed up to 95% of the pre-columbian Native American population.
The second change is related to the first, and was the immigration of many Europeans to the Americas: Spaniards to Spanish Latin America, Portuguese to Portuguese Latin America, and so on.
A third change came from the introduction of Eurasian goods: from horses, to cows, to apples, to rice and wheat. This changed the lifestyle and diet of even Native Americans. For example, Native Americans in the United States adapted to the use of horses, which became a crucial part of their culture.
The constitutional convention was in 1787
The US Constitution divided power in three independent branches: the Legislative Branch, the Executive Branch, and the Judicial Branch. This separation applies to the federal government and also to the government of each of the States.
The main aim was to keep power balanced. The Constitution also established the 'Checks and Balances' system, through which each of the powers can check on the others and prevent that they exceed their functions. None of the three powers could gather such a large amount of power to rule over the others, without being punished.
Two of the issues that made it difficult for explorers during Columbus's time to explore unknown territory by sea were; inaccuracies of navigational tools made exploration by sea inconsistent and unpredictable and explorers had limited knowledge of the world’s geography.
Further Explanation:
During Columbus's time of exploring the sea was the best way to travel. The governments wanted to explore so they could use the sea for trade routes and commercial operations.
In addition to the answers above, other things that made exploration difficult during this time were;
- early technology used was imprecise such as "dead reckoning"
- the seas were challenging and inconsistent since they were uncharted
- navigators could become lost
- the financial risks were too high if the navigators and ships were lost
When Christopher Columbus did find America it was not intentional, he was actually going to Spain but he did not have the tool or the knowledge to get there and ended up going the wrong direction.
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