1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
frutty [35]
3 years ago
8

During a marathon, runners draw heavily on their internal reserves of glycogen (carbohydrate) and triglycerides (fat) to fuel mu

scle contraction. Initially, energy is derived mostly from carbohydrates, with increasing amounts of fat being used as the race progresses. If runners use up their muscle glycogen reserves before they finish the race, they hit what is known as "the wall.," a point of diminished performance that arises because fatty acids from triglyceride breakdown cannot be delivered to the muscles quickly enough to sustain maximum effort. One trick that marathon runners use to avoid the wall is to drink a cup of strong black coffee an hour or so before the race begins. Coffee contains caffeine, which is an inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. How do you suppose inhibition of this enzyme helps them avoid the wall
Biology
1 answer:
g100num [7]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The activity of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase is prevented by caffeine. The caffeine prevents further dissociation of cAMP, which eventually increases the response within the body. The activity of neurotransmitters, that is, of noradrenaline or epinephrine, gets increased due to enhancement in response.  

This further enhances the activity of the heart, the rate of muscle contractions, blood pressure that further helps in delivering more oxygen to the brain, and other parts of the body. Thus, the inhibition of the enzyme cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase helps the athletes to prevent the wall.  

You might be interested in
What creates lava and how does lava become molded
VLD [36.1K]
Lava<span> is molten rock. It is </span>created<span> deep beneath Earth's surface (often 100 miles or more underground), where temperatures get hot enough to melt rock. Scientists call this molten rock magma when it's underground.</span>Lava<span> is molten rock.

</span>
3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What cell organelle is responsible for the liberation of energy from carbohydrates?
Marysya12 [62]
The mitochondrion!!! Of course!!
7 0
3 years ago
Zooplankton populations in Lake Erie and the Hudson River have declined by up to 70% since the arrival of zebra mussels because
sveticcg [70]

Answer:

Zebra mussels feed on phytoplankton, which zooplankton need as a food source.

Explanation:

The population of zooplankton in Lake Erie and the Hudson River declined due to the arrival of zebra mussels because Zebra mussels feed on phytoplankton, which is the main source food of zooplankton. So due to limited or scarcity of food in the environment, the zooplankton die due to hunger that leads to the decrease of population of zooplankton in that environment.

6 0
3 years ago
An ecologist observes that the diet of a bird species consists primarily of large grass seeds (as opposed to smaller grass seeds
omeli [17]

Lets understand the given passage.

An ecologist <u>observes that the diet of a bird species consists primarily of large grass seeds</u> (as opposed to smaller grass seeds or the seeds of other herbaceous plants found in the area).

<u>He hypothesizes that the birds are choosing the larger seeds because they have a higher concentrations of nitrogen than do other types of seeds at the site</u><u>.</u>

<u>To test the hypothesis, the ecologist compares the large grass seeds with the other types of seeds, and the results clearly show that the large grass seeds do indeed have a much higher concentration of nitrogen.</u>

No, he cannot conclude that the birds select the larger grass seeds because of their higher concentrations of nitrogen. The hypothesis testing done by the ecologist is incomplete as he failed to set up a control in the experiment. The control would have been the birds feeding on large seeds that lack or are low on nitrogen content. This will establish a relation between the bird's diet and the size of the seeds and the nitrogen content of the seeds. It could be true that birds do not care about the nitrogen content but simply prefer larger seed sizes.

Another problem associated with his field experiment is the failure in noting the beak sizes of the birds. The beak size and shape enable a bird to break and eat seeds. Larger beaks fail at breaking open smaller seeds. This observation would add bird beak size as another variable of the experiment.


4 0
3 years ago
Why do animals that live on earth fertilize eggs differently than those that live in water?
lesya692 [45]

Answer:

The animals living on land warms the egg to produce its baby where as the animals living on water doesn't makes it warm and most of them leaves the egg all alone. The egg which animals on land give are dry where as animals living in waters egg is unique than the animals which produce on land

3 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Which will most likely lead to new scientific discoveries in future years?
    8·2 answers
  • Although there is a low risk for extrapyramidal side effects with geodon (ziprasidone), johnny's dose has been increased. it wil
    14·1 answer
  • How does the composition of magma determine eruptions characteristics
    13·1 answer
  • How can invasive species affect biodiversity
    7·2 answers
  • Acylation occurs on which type of proteins?
    5·1 answer
  • Help please and thank you
    6·1 answer
  • HIIIIII I NEED HELP ON MY QUESTIONS I HAVE LIKE 11 SO IF YOU COULD PLS ANSWER THEM I BEEN ON THIS TEST FOR 4 DAYS AND ITS ABOUT
    8·1 answer
  • The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. A species must be capable of surviving
    9·1 answer
  • Which of the following does NOT
    5·2 answers
  • Two main ingredients in plant fertilizer are phosphorus and nitrogen. these elements are found in which classes of biomolecues?
    8·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!