Montesquieu was a French philosopher that is famous for coming up with many different ideas for types and principles of government, including separation of power. Articles I, II, and III of the Constitution set up the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches respectively. This correlates with Montesquieu's ideas of separation of powers.
Article III of the U.S. Constitution gives Congress the power to "<span>establish lower courts" since the Founders knew that there would need to be multiple levels of justice in the US at the state level. </span>
