Answer:
En esta primera parte del libro estudiamos lo que para muchos economistas es la pregunta más
importante de la economía: ¿Por qué algunos países tienen mayores niveles de ingreso por
habitante que otros?
En el capítulo 2 definimos el crecimiento económico y presentamos distintas herramientas
útiles para medirlo y analizarlo. Además, presentamos una breve historia del crecimiento
económico, con especial énfasis en la evolución de la economía argentina en el contexto
mundial.
El capítulo 3 es una introducción a la teoría del crecimiento económico. Presentamos allí un
esquema analítico sencillo, en el cual la inversión y el desarrollo tecnológico aparecen como
los determinantes directos del crecimiento. Además, explicamos algunos de los factores que los
economistas han identificado como determinantes más profundos del crecimiento – aquellos
factores que definen el grado de inversión y de desarrollo tecnológico.
Explanation:
Answer:
$17,877
Explanation:
initial outlay = ?
net cash flows years 1 to 5 = $3,000 - $400 = $2,600
net cash flows years 6 to 10 = $3,000 - $800 = $2,200
assuming that the discount rate is 6%, we need to determine the maximum amount of initial investment that would result in the NPV = 0
in order to do this we have to calculate the present value of the future cash flows:
PV = $2,600/1.06 + $2,600/1.06² + $2,600/1.06³ + $2,600/1.06⁴ + $2,600/1.06⁵ + $2,200/1.06⁶ + $2,200/1.06⁷ + $2,200/1.06⁸ + $2,200/1.06⁹ + $2,200/1.06¹⁰ = $17,877
that means that the maximum amount that can be invested = $17,877, and that way the NPV = 0
Answer:
MIRR = 4.32%
Explanation:
year cash flow
0 -$795,000
1 $375,000
2 -$500,000
3 $600,000
4 $400,000
Since there are 2 cash outflows, the IRR calculation would result in two different answers (1 for every cash outflow), that is why we use the MIRR function in excel.
=MIRR (cash flows, finance rate, reinvestment rate)
=MIRR (-795000 to 400000, 5.5%, 5.5%)
Since we are only given one interest rate, we will use it as our finance rate and our reinvestment rate.
MIRR = 4.32%
A Forward transaction in the foreign exchange market requires delivery of foreign exchange at some future date.
A forward contract, or simply a forward, is a sort of derivative instrument in finance. It is a non-standard contract between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a specific future time at a price agreed upon at the time of the contract's conclusion.
A forward transaction is when two people or other entities bind themselves to carry out a trade in the future rather than right now. Futures deals differ from spot trading due to the timing of the transactions.
Learn more about Forward transaction here
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Answer:
Sunk costs.
Explanation:
Sunk costs refers to historical funds spent or incurred that cannot be recovered. Such costs are considered irrelevant during decision making which impacts on the business's future as they present no influence on present or future prospects.
Example
ABC investors decide to acquire land and develop residential houses at a location X. This decision is informed on the fact that the government had recently enacted a policy that led to an increase in demand for residential properties in that location. 6 months into construction of the residential houses, the government reviews and rescinds the policy. This leads to a sharp decline in property values in location X. ABC investors had already incurred 10 million dollars in the project. The 10 million dollars is considered sunk cost.
Sunk costs are the opposite of relevant costs because they can't be changed or recovered, as they've been spent or contracted in the past already. Hence, relevant cost are relevant for decision-making purposes but not sunk costs.
Hence, money that has been or will be paid regardless of the decision whether to proceed with the project is sunk costs.