Answer: In the excerpt, Eisenhower justified the overthrow of Guatemalan President Jacobo Arbenz, because of the communist threat the country had posed to the United States and the rest of the Western Hemisphere.The 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état, code-named Operation PBSuccess, was a covert operation carried out by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that deposed the democratically elected Guatemalan President Jacobo Árbenz and ended the Guatemalan Revolution of 1944–1954.Eisenhower did not want to intervene directly in Guatemala, however, to avoid the impression that the United States would attack a Western Hemisphere ally. Additionally, Eisenhower had vowed to reduce Cold War military spending.Arbenz made agrarian reform the central project of his administration. This led to a clash with the largest landowner in the country, the U.S.-based United Fruit Company, whose idle lands he tried to expropriate. He also insisted that the company and other large landowners pay more taxes.
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Adam Smith believed that limitations on trade were misconceived and misplaced. Contrary to the mercantilist view that a state must strengthen its economy and augment its power at the expense of others, Smith argued that trade was mutually beneficial, there was no difference between domestic and foreign trade, and that the accummulation of money and metals made no sense, they were just another commodity.
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