Answer:
the heart pumps more blood and sends it to the muscles. to create more blood more oxygen is used and you start to breathe harder. if you work out hard then you might get some lactic acid build-up.
hope this helped!
The risk of maternal antibodies crossing the placenta and destroying the fetal red blood cells increases with each pregnancy. So, the outcome of the first RH+ baby is different from the second one.
<u>EXPLANATION: </u>
RH+ is a specific antigen present on the RBCs. A person that inherits these antigens has blood group RH+ and the ones who lack them have RH- blood group. Issues occur when the woman is RH- and the fetus is RH+ is the antibodies that cross the placenta and affect the baby's RBCs negatively.
This incompatibility occurs when father is RH+ and mother is RH-. The first-time pregnancy doesn't create much of the incompatibility. But if the fetus is RH+ the second time, results in life-threatening problems. During first time pregnancy, the RH+ antibodies are not present in the mother's blood.
But during the birth when placenta ruptures, the bloodstream enters into the mother's body and it starts stimulating the antigens of RH+ blood. Now, during the second pregnancy when the antibodies transfer from the mother to the placenta, RH+ antigens react with the fetal blood cells and destroys them.
Answer:
Explanation:
iPSC (induced Pluripotent Stem Cell) induces differentiated cardiomyocytes (cardiomyocytes, CM), which are human, good uniformity, high purity, and have unique properties of cardiomyocytes such as contractile function, action potential and ion channels.
<em>Genetic mutation is an important factor that contributes to the pathogenesis and development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The genetic factors studied include the dominant mutations of genes encoding amyloid-β precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2). Additionally, more and more genes have been found to be potentially associated with AD, such as apolipoprotein E (APOE), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B), dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), and Tau. Although many studies on the treatment of AD have not been successful, gene therapy is still considered as a potential way against AD, and some gene-therapy-based therapeutics have entered the clinical trial stage. Existing strategies for gene therapy against AD include gene inactivation, genetic modification, and immunoregulation, etc. </em>
<em>https://www.creativebiomart.net/alzheimacy/therapeutics/gene-therapy/</em>
Answer: 38ATP
Explanation:
In the glycolytic pathway, metabolism of one molecule of glucose will produce
Step 1. 1 ATP loss= -1ATP
Step 2. 1 ATP loss= -1ATP
Step 5. 2 NADH gain = 3*2=6ATP
Step 6. 2 ATP gain = 1*2=2ATP
Step 9. 2 ATP gain= 1*2=2ATP
Pyruvate to acetyl CoA. 2 NADH gain =3*2=6ATP
TCA Cylce
Step 3. 2 NADH gain=3*2=6ATP
Step 4. 2 NADH gain=3*2=6ATP
Step 5. 2 GTP gain=1*2=2ATP
Step 6. 2 FADH2 gain=2*2=4ATP
Step 8. 2 NADH gain=3*2=6ATP
Net ATP gain in glycolysis 10-2=8ATP
Pyruvate DH reaction = 6 ATP
TCA =24
Net ATP generated from one molecule of glucose =38 ATP