Explanation:
Receptors are specific molecular components of a biological system with which drugs interact to produce changes in body function. This fundamental event of drug-receptor interaction initiates communication, through signal molecules (first messenger) of great structural and functional diversity, with receptors coupled to ionic channels, to G-proteins, catalytic or regulators of DNA transcription, as well as The integrated support of second messengers. It also mentions certain diseases that arise due to dysfunction of these receptors of the receptor-effector systems, such as the appearance of aberrant receptors or as products of "oncogenes".
<span>7. Extra sugar into the blood to provide enough food source. It can also trigger the hormone adrenaline which gives energy.
8. Bone marrow increases the white blood cell count which overall increases the chance of countering infections
9. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for keeping the body at a relaxed state . I.e. it would reduce the heart rate if it is too high. The parasympathetic nervous system is affected by a stresser causing it to become inactive until the stressor has gone
10. increased blood pressure can develop into chronic stress.
11.If you have chronic stress lasting more than a month there is a high probability you will catch an infection.
12. Our sympathetic nervous system controls stress by changing our body state i.e. higher heart rate.
13. Renin is an enzyme that is secreted into the body by the liver which is used to restore liver stress levels.
14. Glucocorticoids is a series of hormones/drugs that are used to treat any inflammatory conditions especially in the brain, liver and kidney
15. The immune system is made up of more than a trillion white blood cells all coded to help deal with different types of pathogens.
16. Its a type of hormone produced by the thymus gland which is heavily used in the immune response to fight off infections.
17.a large cell that is found in the damaged tissue which helps fight off infection
18. It is a type of lymphocyte responsible for the production of antibodies. it can be found all over the body
19. *cannot be answered*</span>
Explanation:
goods can be restricted to keep prices high. This leads to underprovision, or scarcity