Joseph Stalin is a textbook dictator that was not choosing means in order to strengthen his power and control of the country. Stalin's tactics were mostly consisted of fear, elimination, and imprisonment. In order to avoid and confrontations and strong political opponents, Stalin eliminated pretty much everyone that his people were able to capture and was posing a political threat to him in his eyes. These people were either killed in cold blood, or were taken in the Gulag where they died because of the terrible conditions. Everyone that was going to express an opinion against Stalin or the Communist Party was targeted and was ending up in prison, usually never coming home again. In order to nullify attempts for separatist movements, which was highly possible considering the numerous ethnic groups in the Soviet Union, Stalin was systematically killing, imprisoning, or relocating people of certain ethnic groups in order to break their nation core and identity.
Mongolia gained control of the route in 1275 and kept it that way until it closed.
The answer should be:
Animal & human power were generally replaced with steam power.
The primary way in which the government encouraged settlement in the west was through the Homestead Act, which gave people free land--while the railroads allowed them to travel there safely.
They both wanted to overthrow the existing government
