Thomas Paine's essay Common Sense significant to American independence because the essay spurred colonists to take a stand, demand independence, and establish their own government. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the fourth option or the last option.
According to the indictment against him, Charles Schenck tried to send something through the mail illegally.
Charles Schenck was a Socialist Party leader in the US who opposed US participation in World War I. He mailed pamphlets to men who'd been drafted that said the government had no right to send American citizens to war to kill people in other countries. Schenck was convicted of violating the Espionage Act, which had been passed by Congress in 1917.
Schenck appealed his case to the Supreme Court, saying the Espionage Act was unconstitutional. In the 1919 decision in Schenck v. United States, the Supreme Court upheld the conviction against Schenck. Thus the Court essentially upheld the constitutionality of the Espionage Act at that time, saying that in wartime the government has extra responsibility to protect the safety of the nation. The decision, written by Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, said, "The question in every case is whether the words are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent."
American exceptionalism can best be defined as the belief that B.) the United States had a duty to spread its ideals around the world. The American belief of exceptionalism or uniqueness in relation to other nations around the world is largely centered around what are believed to be enlightened American ideals around issues such as democracy, human rights, and liberal economics. Because of this the United States has taken it upon itself to spread these ideals around the globe.
The southwest monsoon from the ocean