Question

Which type of molecule will require energy to cross the cell membrane? Question 3 options: A) carbon dioxide B) Na+ C) nonpolar molecules D) oxygen

Answer 1

Answer:

B) Na+

Explanation: Na+ molecule is polar, oxygen and carbon dioxide are nonpolar molecules. The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer made up of lipid molecules with polar and nonpolar ends. Since it is a bilayer, two phospholipid layers are arranged, one on the other in such a way that one faces the back of the other. The non polar ends are away from outside and inside of the cell, while  the polar ends faces towards all the molecules inside and outside the cell.

Since polar-polar molecules repel each other, Na+ can't pass through the cell membrane easily. So it uses the proteins attached the cell membrane inside and outside to transport such molecules by using energy in terms of ATP.