Answer:
Cranial capacity increased the most from 2 million years ago to the present.
Explanation:
The rate of change is greatest between 2 million years ago and the present.
It provides energy for the cell to build, repair, and reproduce. Cells needing more energy have more mitochondria.
The correct answer there is an exact compromise between two genes (alleles). <span>The codominance is a form of dominance when the alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are both fully expressed. As a result of this, offspring have a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive. Example of codominance is found in ABO blood types. When you have allele Ia and allele Ib the expressed blood type is AB.</span>
In the context of protein digestion, protein breakdown into its amino acid constituents is completed by <u>proteases </u><u>produced in the small intestine</u>
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- Protein-degrading enzymes are referred to as proteases. These enzymes are produced by bacteria, fungus, plants, and mammals.
- Proteins in the body or on the skin are broken down by proteolytic enzymes.
- This may aid in digestion or the breakdown of proteins that contribute to inflammation and pain.
- The small intestine, pancreas, and stomach all manufacture protease.
- The stomach and small intestine are where the majority of chemical reactions take place.
- Pepsin is the primary digestive enzyme that targets proteins in the stomach.
- Proteases are released by the pancreas into the proximal small intestine, where they combine with proteins that have already been altered by gastric secretions and break them down into amino acids, which are then absorbed and utilized by the body as necessary.
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When the bread and butter is in mouth, mechanical digestion starts. The size of the food gets reduced and it mixes with saliva for easy swallowing. The salivary amylase in saliva begins the digestion of starch in the bread. This is the start of chemical digestion. When the undigested bread and butter reached the stomach, lower esophageal sphincter relaxes and allow the chewed food to enter. The gastric secretions containing HCl, acts on the undigested food to produce chime. HCl kill the microorganism on the food and also denatures the protein and later attacked by digestive enzyme pepsin. Pepsin breakdown protein in the bread, butter . Later on gastric lipase begins to digest fat present in butter. Digestion of the starch in bread does not occur in the stomach because the salivary amylase that began chemical digestion in mouth became inactive in the presence of HCl. Further the chime enters the small intestine where bile secreted by the gall bladder emulsifies the fat and break into small globule which helps in fat absorption.
