Woodrow Wilson and Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan came into office with little experience in foreign relations but with a determination to base their policy on moral principles rather than the selfish materialism that they believed had animated their predecessors' programs. Convinced that democracy was gaining strength throughout the world, they were eager to encourage the process. In 1916, the Democratic-controlled Congress promised the residents of the Philippine Islands independence; the next year, Puerto Rico achieved territorial status, and its residents became U.S. citizens. Working closely with Secretary of State Bryan, Wilson signed twenty-two bilateral treaties which agreed to cooling-off periods and outside fact-finding commissions as alternatives to war.
In a statement issued soon after taking office, Wilson declared that the United States hoped “to cultivate the friendship and deserve the confidence” of the Latin American states, but he also emphasized that he believed “just government” must rest “upon the consent of the governed.” Latin American states were hopeful for the prospect of being free to conduct their own affairs without American interference, but Wilson's insistence that their governments be democratic undermined the promise of self-determination. In 1915, Wilson responded to chronic revolution in Haiti by sending in American marines to restore order, and he did the same in the Dominican Republic in 1916. The military occupations that followed failed to create the democratic states that were their stated objective. In 1916, Wilson practiced an old-fashioned form of imperialism by buying the Virgin Islands from their colonial master, Denmark, for $25 million.
<span>Japan signed a peace treaty with the United States to regulate their devastating hope that helps and good luck
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<span>The Phoenician alphabet, called by convention the Proto-Canaanite alphabet for inscriptions ... Phoenician inscriptions have been found in archaeological sites at a number of former Phoenician cities and ... to the Phoenician ones and vowels were added, because the Phoenician alphabet did not contain any vowels.</span><span>
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The Indians rebel against British power by one thing. The one thing was by threatening the East India Company power.
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Taxation was a pivotal cause of the French Revolution. ... It was excessive because France had become one of the highest taxing states in Europe, chiefly ... France's common people, who could least afford to pay, believed they were ... affected merchants, traders and businessmen more than individuals.
