An allusion is a reference; an eponym is usually a noun that's named after a person (i.e. achilles' heel, called that after the greek hero); a hyperbole is an extreme exaggeration; and an anastrophe is your only choice left. an anastrope is the inversion of word order. think yoda.
Paragraph 1, since it says "I can't believe this storm" and "we're stuck on the couch!" Which indicates that setting that the whole story is in, not including where they actually go.
Scott key uses the word "vauntingly" to show that the British are boasting that they'll win.