1. Breathing air through the nose provides multiple functions. what function would be most impacted while breathing dry air?
Answer: humidifying the air
Dry air means that the air has low humidity. Low content of water vapor will makes the air takes it from nearby mucosa. If the air flow through the nose, it will be humidified much more than when it flow through mouth. This will makes a better quality air sent to the lungs.
2. air moves into the lungs because the gas pressure in the lungs is ........than outside pressure?
Answer: lower
Gas is moving from area with high pressure to area with lower pressure. When inspiration happens, the lungs is expanded by contracting the diaphragm and intercostae muscle. This will cause the lung expand and its pressure decreases.
3. occasionally food or liquids will "go down the wrong pipe," initiating a cough reflex. which structural barrier has been breached if this happens?
Answer: epiglottis
Epiglottis is the valve that divide the esophagus with the trachea. Esophagus will connect the throat with stomach for food digestion. Trachea or windpipe will connect the throat with the lungs for respiration. Choking happens when the epiglottis failed to close and some of the food touch the receptor in trachea.
4. men tend to have deeper voices than women because their vocal cords _______?
Answer: are longer and thicker
Sound produced by the vocal cord in human. Frequency of sound depends on the length of the tube where it is resonating. The longer the tube, the wavelength will be longer but the frequency will be lower. So, deeper sound will be found in longer vocal cord.
5. air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the?
Answer: upper respiratory tract.
Upper respiratory tract has a role in conditioning the air that flow into the lungs. Nose do this works better as it has more surface area, more glands and more blood vessel than the mouth. This process will allow the gas exchange in the lungs happens more efficient.
6. as the bronchial tree terminates in bronchioles, the principal material comprising their walls is smooth muscle. what functional purpose does this smooth muscle provide?
Answer: the presence of smooth muscle allows the walls of the bronchioles to constrict and provides control over airflow
If the smooth muscle in the bronchioles doing contraction, the bronchioles will constrict and the air flowing there will be reduced. The muscle have nothing to do with gas exchange but it could control the amount of air flowing through it. It doesn't keep the bronchioles open either.
