When Americans think of African-Americans in the DEEP SOUTH before the Civil War, the first image that invariably comes to mind is one of slavery. However, many African-Americans were able to secure their freedom and live in a state of semi-freedom even before slavery was abolished by war. FREE BLACKS lived in all parts of the United States, but the majority lived amid slavery in the American South. According to the 1860 U.S. Census, there were 250,787 free blacks living in the South in contrast to 225,961 free blacks living everywhere else in the country including the Midwest and the Far West; however, not everyone, particularly free blacks, were captured by census takers. In the upper south, the largest population of free blacks were in Maryland and Virginia; in the mid-Atlantic, the largest population of free blacks was in Philadelphia.
Due process and equal protection under the law-- due process requires laws be carried out fairly and equally.
The laws of the US are suppose to be "blind" in particular for the justice system. Despite the sex, race, or origin of a person laws should be executed and judged equally. Despite the expectation the system does fall short because it relies on the unbiased thinking of the citizen which is difficult to come by. As a result the whole corrections system deals with the issues like the example in the question where race, ethnicity, sex, and social class can determine the outcome of arrests and ruling on laws.
By the 1820s, the controversy surrounding the Missouri Compromise had quieted down considerably, but was revived by a series of events near the end of the decade. Serious debates over abolition took place in the Virginia legislature in 1829 and 1831. In the North discussion began about the possibility of freeing the slaves and then resettling them back in Africa (a proposal that led to the founding of Liberia). Agitation increased with the publication of David Walker's Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829, Nat Turner's slave rebellion in 1831, and Andrew Jackson's handling of the nullification crisis that same year. According to Louis Ruchame, "The Turner rebellion was only one of about 200 slave uprisings between 1776 and 1860, but it was one of the bloodiest, and thus struck fear in the hearts of many white southerners. Nat Turner and more than 70 enslaved and free blacks spontaneously launched a rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, in August 1831. They moved from farm to farm, indiscriminately killing whites along the way and picking up additional slaves. By the time the militia put down the insurrection, more than 80 slaves had joined the rebellion, and 60 whites lay dead. While the uprising led some southerners to consider abolition, the reaction in all southern states was to tighten the laws governing slave behavior
Answer:
This treaty was a diplomatic milestone because it opened up US access to the port of New Orleans.
Explanation:
The Treaty of Pinckney, also known as the Treaty of Madrid, was created to establish a friendly relationship between Spain and the USA, allowing Americans to respect Spanish boundaries and colonies in North America, in addition to allowing both countries to have Mississippi river navigation rights. The great negotiators of these treaties were Thomas Pinckney and Don Manuel de Godoy, the treaty was a milestone in the world history of diplomacy, mainly because it allowed the USA to have access to the port of new orleans.
