Question

Question 1 with 1 blankPenélope muestra sus fotos a mí. Question 2 with 1 blankA ustedes explican el problema. Question 3 with 1 blank¿Quién presta el libro de historia a José? Question 4 with 1 blankA ti compro un suéter bonito. Question 5 with 1 blankYo voy a dar mis composiciones a mis profesores. Question 6 with 1 blank¿ vas a traer el documento a Ramón y a mí?

Answer 1

Answers:

1) Penélope me muestra sus fotos

2) Les explican el problema

3) ¿Quién le presta el libro de historia?

4) Te compro un suéter bonito

5) Les voy a dar mis composiciones [a mis profesores]

6) ¿Nos vas a traer el documento?

Explanation:

Let’s begin by explaining that the Indirect Object of a sentence is the person, animal or thing that indirectly receives the action of the verb.  

To identify it in a sentence, we must ask to the verb ¿a quién? (to whom?) Or ¿para quién? (for whom?)  

For example, if we have the followig sentence:

(Yo) Voy a leer el libro a Juan (I'm going to read the book to Juan)

If we ask ourselves the following question:  

¿A quién voy a leer el libro?  

(To whom am I going to read the book?)  

The answer is:  

A Juan  

(To Juan)  

Being Juan (him) who indirectly receives the action, therefore the indirect object or indirect complement of the sentence.

In this sense, the Indirect Object Pronouns replace a word or phrase, which in the sentence fulfills the function of indirect object.  They are written before the verb, when it is conjugated.  

These pronouns are listed below:  

1st person singular Yo: me  

2nd person singular (informal) Tú: te  

2nd person singular (formal) Usted: le  

3rd person singular Él/Ella/eso/esa: le  

1st person plural Nosotros: nos  

2nd person plural Ustedes (In latinAmerica): les  

2nd person plural Vosotros (In Spain): os

3rd person plural Ellos/Ellas: les  

Then, returning to the sentence Voy a leer el libro a Juan, knowing that the indirect object is Juan, who is the 3rd person singular Él (he); the indirect object pronoun in Spanish is le.  

In that way the initial sentence changes to:  

Le voy a leer el libro (a Juan)  

I'm going to read the book (to Juan)  

Having this clear, let's begin with the answers:

1. Penélope muestra sus fotos a mí (Penelope shows her photos to me).

If we ask:

¿A quién muestra sus fotos Penélope? (To whom Penelope shows her photos?)

The answer is:

A mí (To me)

Being mí (I) the 1st person in singular, the corresponding indirect object pronoun is me, and the new changed sentence is:

Penélope me muestra sus fotos

(Penelope shows me her photos)

2. A ustedes explican el problema (The problem is explained to you).

If we ask:

¿A quiénes le explican el problema? (To whom is explained the problem?)

The answer is:

A ustedes (To you)

Being ustedes (you) the 2nd person in plural, the corresponding indirect object pronoun is les, and the new changed sentence is:

Les explican el problema [a ustedes]

(The problem is explained to you)

3. ¿Quién presta el libro de historia a José? (Who lends the history book to Joseph?)

If we ask:

¿A quién prestan el libro de historia? (To whom is lend the history book?)

The answer is:

A José (To José)

Being José (he) the 3rd person in singular, the corresponding indirect object pronoun is le, and the new changed sentence is:

¿Quién le presta el libro de historia [a José]?

(Who lends the history book [to Jose]?)

4. A ti compro un suéter bonito (I buy a nice sweater for you).

If we ask:

¿A quién compro el suéter bonito? (To whom do I buy the pretty sweater?)

The answer is:

A ti (To you)

Being ti (you) the 2nd person in singular, the corresponding indirect object pronoun is te, and the new changed sentence is:

Te compro un suéter bonito

(I buy you a pretty sweater)

5. Yo voy a dar mis composiciones a mis profesores (I'm going to give my compositions to my teachers).

If we ask:

¿A quién voy a dar mis composiciones? (To whom am I going to give my compositions?)

The answer is:

A mis profesores(To my teachers [To them])

Being profesores (they) the 3rd person in plural, the corresponding indirect object pronoun is les, and the new changed sentence is:

Les voy a dar mis composiciones [a mis profesores]

(I am going to give the compositions to them [my teachers])

6. ¿Vas a traer el documento a Ramón y a mí? (Are you going to bring the document to Ramón and me?)

If we ask:

¿A quién vas a traer el documento? (To whom are you going to bring the document?)

The answer is:

A Ramón y a mí (To Ramón and me [To us])

Being Ramón and me (nosotros ) the 1st person in plural, the corresponding indirect object pronoun is nos, and the new changed sentence is:

¿Nos vas a traer el documento [a Ramón y a mí]?

(Are you going to bring us the document [To Ramón and me]?)