In the first I think its grow them and in the second I believe it is harm the plants hope this helped :)
D. Past It fits the sentence best, because you don't go through the school and the supermarket to get somewhere, you got past it.
The author most likely chose to call this story “The Cold Equations” because he believes that space is a freezing wasteland wants to indicate that the EDS is cold needs to communicate that math is boring tries to foreshadow that numbers are heartless