"The Raven" is a narrative poem written by Edgar Allan Poe in 1845.
Throughout the poem, Poe uses the word <em>nevermore </em>many times. He makes use of the raven to utter this word. The raven said this every time the man asks a question.
By definition, a refrain is a line,phrase or set of lines that are repeated in a poem. The reader usually encounters these at the end of the stanza.