Answer:
CCAGGCC
CCATCGA
GGCCATC
CAT
AGGCCAT
CATCGAG
Explanation:
Shotgun sequencing is a method used to determine the nucleotide sequence of entire chromosomes/genomes. This sequencing method consists of obtaining random DNA fragments which are subsequently classified by bioinformatic tools that ordering them according to overlapping sequences called contigs. In the whole-genome shotgun (WGS) technique, the entire genome of an organism is sequenced, being the critical factor the depth of sequencing, which refers to the quality of the sequencing reads (e.g., a depth of 20X indicates that the genome is sequenced 20 times by a sequencing machine). For the human genome, WGS became available after the completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP), which enabled the generation of a reference sequence for the whole human genome. The steps of the WGS technique are the following:
1. Preparation of isolated chromosomes
2. The DNA is sheared into small fragments
3. The DNA fragments of about 1 kilobase (1000 base pairs) are incorporated into plasmids which are cloned to render pure samples of each DNA fragment
4. The plasmid clones are sequenced by sequencing machines
5. Bioinformatic tools finally are used to link DNA fragments by their overlapping ends
Answer:
Option C
Explanation:
For chagarff's rule, it clearly states that DNA from any cell of any organisms be it prokaryotes or eukaryotes should have the basic 1 (purine): 1 (pyrimidine) ratio. Particularly, amount of adenine should be equal to thymine, and guanine equal to cytosine. This is in particular reference to organisms that have double stranded DNA.
Answer:
An explosion of a star= Supernova
The dense remains of a star= Neutron star
A large mass of gas and dust= Nebula
Explanation:
As we have studied in junior classes <em>that all animals including bacteria contain a plasma membrane around their cell which controls the movement of water and materials to and from the cell.</em>
The bacteria are the main hazard in pesticides and if we study about its structure, it contains both cell membrane and cell wall. Now another point in that bacteria lives in a moist or hypotonic environment in which the concentration of water inside the cell is less than the concentration of water outside the cell. This results in more movement of water from outside to inside the cell since we know that water moves from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration.
Now when the water moves inside the bacterial cell, it can burst bacterial cell but thanks to the presence of cell wall which donot lets the burst caused.
So coming towards sugar solution, when bacteria are dipped in dilute sugary , the outside environment around a cell is sugary, and the concentration of water in the solution is less than inside the cell and water tends to leave the cell. the major effect of sugary solution is that it withdraws water from inside the body of micro organisms if the external concentration of sugar is high enough. When the water will move out of their body, they will die and their spores will not be able to germinate too.
This will eventually make our food (vegetable, fruit or any other) clean.
Hope it helps!
<span> Climate is the average weather of a particular place.</span>
