The Connecticut Compromise helped to solve the issue of representation in Congress at the Philadelphia (aka Constitutional) Convention.
The Connecticut Compromise took elements from the New Jersey Plan and the Viriginia Plan in order to create the modern structure of Congress. In this case, the Connecticut Compromise made it so that the number of representatives in the House of Representatives would be based on a states population. The greater the population, the greater number of representatives. This was an idea taken from the Virginia Plan.
On the other hand, the Senate would be structured to ensure that each state had 2 Senators, regardless of population. This was an element taken from the New Jersey Plan.
1: Before WW1 Italy was part of an alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary, yet it didn't join them when the war started and it even joined the Allied side later during the war!
2: one month after Italy surrendered to Allied forces, it declared war on Nazi Germany, its onetime Axis powers partner. Italy was led into the war by Benito Mussolini, the fascist prime minister who had formed an alliance with Nazi Germany in 1936!