You didn't italize or mark the phrase, but I see one good candidate:
"The circus animal trainer" is in a way another name given to Mervin, a kind of "renaming" him: this is called an appositive phrase, so if this was the phrase appositive phrase is the answer! (also, I don't see the other phrases here).
Answer:
it's wise to prepare for the future
Answer:
Some similarities between the society of Fahrenheit 451 and our world today are that technology is more advanced and prevalent, and that people are less inclined to read substantial books.
Explanation:
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These sources should be used to get an overview or general idea about your topic.