This line is foreshadowing because it implies that anything -- even people -- that becomes a burden can easily be destroyed.
Later, when Beatty himself becomes a problem, Montag burns Beatty to death. When Montag killed Beatty, he destroyed the responsibility he owed him. In this way, this line is an element of foreshadowing.
In this sentence the word <em>sage</em> means wise or sensible, a piece of advice given by someone who knows about the subject.
An abstract noun is something that you cannot touch, but you can imagine, and you know what it is. For example: love, happiness, hatred, etc.
Having this in mind, the sentence that includes an abstract noun is B. Standing on third base, Gene could not believe his luck.
Luck is the abstract noun.