Jesus could be described as a young boy that never caused trouble and knew much more than his parents knew he did.
The ideas that Japan borrowed from Korea and China would be their philosophy (the ethics and politics of Confucianism), the religion of Buddhism (which dominates Japan aside from Shinto), the writing system (wherein Japan derived from their own writing systems), and the government (imperialsim).
The 15th right to due process, right for a free trail
The 5th amendment specifically, and more broadly the bill of rights.