The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that the Earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere (water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, for example) trap energy from the sun. Normal warming is mostly caused by natural gases.
Hot spot volcanism is the hot mass of rising heat!
a large planet of relatively low density consisting predominantly of hydrogen and helium, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune.
Western europe is best known for being the beginning of Western civilization.
