Answer:
Explanation:
Pharmacophore (pharmacology) - The molecular framework responsible for a drug's biological activity. According to IUPAC — A pharmacophore is the ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with a specific biological target structure and to trigger (or to block) its biological response.
Privileged structures are defined as molecular frameworks which are able of providing useful ligands for more than one type of receptor or enzyme target by judicious structural modifications.
1) The 1,4-dihydropyridine ring is present in many biologically important molecules that acts as an important scaffold for cardiovascular drug - a calcium antagonists and although it is technically not considered as a pharmacophore, it is considered as a privileged structure.
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP), belongs to the class of calcium antagonist that inhibits the influx of extracellular Ca+2 through the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels.
A positional substitution in the 4-position is feasible in the heterocyclic ring which in turn culminates in various calcium channel antagonist activities and this heterocyclic ring is the common feature for various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity,
antihypertensive, antianginal, antitumor, antitubercular activity and antithrombotic .
Position on the heterocyclic ring binds to the L-type channel and also to N-type channel on membranes.
2.) The bioisosteres are not a suitable bioisostere for the traditional C-4 aryl or heteroaryl substitution which is necessary for calcium ion blockage thereby inhibiting it to function with the mechanism shared above.
Answer:
the fertilizers contain nitrogen potassium and phosphorus . this makes the plants and algae grow faster
Explanation:
Fertilizers supply plants with the elements that may be missing or in short supply in a form that can be used by the plants for faster growth. Most fertilizers supply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
Plants have cell walls, so cytokinesis cannot go on with a cleavage furrow, but instead, a cell plate forms across the cell in the location of the metaphase plate.
There is no distinct groove along the cell plate as the cell divides because of the rigid nature of the cell plate or new cell wall.
A plant cell divides differently from an animal cell which forms a clear cleavage furrow because it only has a flexible cell membrane and not a rigid cell wall like plants.
The cell plate in plant cells is formed by membrane bound vesicles which migrate to the center of the cell where the metaphase plate used to be and fuse together to form a cell plate.
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