The power would be unbalanced and they system would fall apart.
The infectious diseases brought by the Spanish
It can. The mexican-american war also dealt with the future of the territories that were involved like the Texas territory. Since the United States won the territories from Mexico, the new colonies wanted to be slave colonies, and the general government disliked this. There would've been fewer slave colonies if they hadn't been conquered.
When he saw people falling, it made him think about the forces of nature and it lead him to his studies.