Congress enacted the CRIRA in 1980, giving the US attorney general legal standing to bring suit in federal court on behalf of persons institutionalised by the states under unconstitutional conditions. Institutionalised persons almost lacked the resources and the ability to protect constitutioanl and federal statutory rights to adequate living conditions. CRIPA was needed because several federal court cases in the late 1970s denied the attorney general standing absent express statutory authority.
During 1500 - 1800 Muslim controls of North Africa placed a type of obstacle to European exploration of interior of Africa from north. So the Dutch were the starters to en-route in direction to interior including South Africa as a part of developing routes to trade with Asia
Hope this helps!
~LYNA~
Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case that ruled it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools.
Answer:
Muckrakers
During the Progressive Era in the United States from the 1890s - 1920s the progressive and open-minded journalists were called muckrakers. They would usually expose institutions and their leaders as corrupt. Sparking investigating journalism and they had big audiences in many magazines. Magazines were very important for them since they were not very expensive and were looking for talented writers.
B I think if you get wrong sorry
