The third westward surge was outlined by the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean.
Explanation:
When the British established their colonies in North America, they were all located on the East Coast. The people remained on the East Coast for quite some though and they were not migrating to the west. This started to gradually change, with the main reasons being that the safety issues started to get solved, and that the means of transportation improved.
The first and second westward surges didn't really went a lot to the west, but the people were relatively close to the East Coast, mostly settling between the Mississippi River and the Appalachian Mountains. The third westward surge though was on a much more larger scale and on a much larger territory, with people settling between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean, or around two thirds of what is now the United States.
The people started to move in in this part because:
- The conflicts with the Indian tribes were mostly solved
- The government was granting large portions of land for very little money
- The territory became American after the territory was conquered
- Lot of opportunities opened up for the people
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