when changes in a protein appear to accumulate at a constant rate over time is called option (c) i.e, Molecular clock.
<h3>What does molecular clock mean?</h3>
The term "molecular clock" refers to a method that estimates the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged by analyzing the mutation rate of biomolecules. Typically, nucleotide sequences for DNA, RNA, or amino acid sequences for proteins serve as the biomolecular data for these calculations.
Hedges, a biology professor at Penn State, claims that the molecular clock counts the mutations that accumulate through time in the gene sequences of various species rather than counting seconds, minutes, and hours.
Mutation and recombination, the two fundamental biological processes that give rise to all heritable variations, are the foundation of molecular clocks. Mutations are modifications to the genetic code of DNA, for as when the nucleotide Guanine (G) turns to Thymine (T).
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Answer:a major ecosystem defined by distinctive geography and receiving uniform solar radiation and moisture.
Explanation:
Answer:
Hematopoiesis
Explanation:
Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation and this occurs in the bone marrow. Hemato- is Greek, which means blood. -Poiesis is Greek, which means, creation or production. The bone marrow produces some white blood cells, all red blood cells and platelets. Its purpose is to produce blood for the living organism and replenish blood lost.
Antibodies to common microorganisms have been developed by infancy. <span>An </span>antibody<span> (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.</span>
The statement water is easily polluted..... is true. Water is pretty much the world's best solvent. So even toxic substances are easily dissolved in it and when that happens they pollute the water.
