I believe the answer is ,
A. To use the words of the founding fathers to argue equal treatment of women.
Each guide was helpful, but we forgot to thank them.
You should use the plural pronoun, because we don't know whether the guides were only males, or females, or whether there were both sexes.
The correct option is B.
You can test if there are two independent clauses by separating the clauses and seeing if they can stand alone.
They hadn't planned the trip. They returned to the store the next day and bought more peanut brittle.
Since the the two clauses can stand alone, there are two independent clauses.
Two independent clauses constitute a compound sentence.
The right choice would be D. Premier : Country :: Teacher : school.
Other options doesn't match at all. They are off point, especially A and B.
