Answer:
Chris is very stubborn, he believes that he can do everything by himself. He is very hardworking, doing his best always, and he doesn’t react well to critics or any kind of authority.
Explanation:
That is why he refuses advice that Gelien wanted to give him, that wanted to buy him better equipment for his trip to Alaska. He is afraid to accept any advice because he feels that those pieces of advice could stop him from going where he intended to go.
The answer is the first one.
In "Writers often disavow the notion of a 'literary duty'" the author conveys a somewhat condescending attitude, as if they would always follow this and set aside anyone who said otherwise. This attitude says the author is looking down on them, and that the author believes that many authors do not meet their standards.
Another answer I would consider is "...writers ruined by their shrill commitments." However, there is no context or clear tone. The author could be mournful of the lost potential for all we know.
B.loaded words and C.glittering generalities
they make it sound like you can be head of the class if you buy their binders
Answer:
A. Whenever you make a promise, you need to keep it
