personification is the right answer because shadow was compared to a living being
Octopuses have:
-eight arms
-bulbous heads
-three hearts
-blue blood
-ink defenses
-no bones
The ability to fit into small spaces
-intelligent minds (they have been recorded using tools, etc.)
Not too sure how to specify, but nonetheless those are eight characteristics of an octopus. Hope this helps :)
I believe that it is subjunctive..
Because it tells about an important time in history and gives us information about how some of the Jews had to live in this time.