Whether it is a case of external or internal economies of scale:
A. A number of firms doing contract research for the drug industry are concentrated
Larger changes within the industry lead to external economies of scale, so as the industry expands, the average cost of doing business decreases.
when external economies of scale exist?
External economies of scale take place when an industry as a whole expands and businesses profit from lower long-term average costs. External economies of scale are also known as advantageous external outcomes of industrial development.
An external economy of scale is shared by competitors, internal economies of scale provide larger competitive advantages.
To learn more about external economies refer to:
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Generous- Selfish
Tremendous- Small
Famous- Unknown
Publicity- Secrecy
Imaginative- Unskillful
Outstanding-Unexceptional
Answer:
D. $30,000
Explanation:
The bond is issued on discount when the issuance price is less than the face value of the bond. The discount is expensed over the bond period until maturity. It is added to the interest expense value to expense it.
This discount will be amortized using Effective Interest method as below
Interest Payment = $5,000,000 x 8% x 6/12 = $200,000
Interest Expense = $4,600,000 x 10% x 6/12 = $230,000
Discount amortization = $230,000 - $200,000 = $30,000
Answer: d. 80% of direct material cost
Explanation:
Overhead cost = Total costs - Direct material - Direct labor
= 132,200 - 25,000 - 32,000 - 12,500 - 17,100
= $45,600
Direct materials cost = 32,000 + 25,000
= $57,000
Percentage of Direct materials = Overhead/ Direct materials
= 45,600/57,000
= 80%
Answer:
The value of this employee benefit today is closest to $17,758.66
Explanation:
Crane Flight services per week contribution C = $25
Discount rate per r=4.75%
Discount rate per week r= 4.75% / 52 =0.0913%
Total Payment N = $52 * 22 years = $1,144
Current value of employee benefit P = C*(1+r)*(1-(1+r)^-N)/r
P=25*(1+0.0913%)*(1-(1+0.0913%)^-1144)/0.0913%
P = 25 * (1.000913) * (1 - (1.000913)^-1144)/0.000913
P = 25 * (1.000913) * 1 - 0.3520453/0.000913
P = 25 * (1.000913) * 709.6985
P = 17758.661368
P = $17,758.66
