In the description given there is an example of relative location because it is not providing the absolute location (its fixed point). A relative location gives a reference to an absolute location o landmark. For example, by indicating a signboard which shows the direction and distance of an absolute location.
A government has various institutions which deal with specific matters.... So, in this case it is the Judiciary which resolves conflicts between people, groups or countries (UN)
He was referring to a Democratic Government, and the expectations for citizens were that no matter what social class men were in, they were required to serve the country, and make political decisions