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4 years ago

How do cells know that there is something wrong with the DNA?

1 answer:

8 0

The short answer is that cells respond to the chemical environment in which they find themselves. The cells around them, the specific conditions, and feedback from the environment all create specific chemical cues that inform the cells to which genes should be expressed, and in what amounts. Chemicals include hormones, cytokines, general signaling molecules, such as cAMP, etc.

i literally hopped on google for this, lol.
i hope this helps though. :)

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14). During the early 1700’s, a small group of pacifist Protestants fled Germany to avoid religious persecution. This group, the

abruzzese [7]

A) In the Dunker population, the frequency of IB allele is 0.3 and the frequency of i allele is 0.4. In the general population, the frequency of IB allele is 0.1 and the frequency of i allele is 0.5.

If:
$I^{A}$ - the frequency of IA allele
 $I^{B}$ - the frequency of IB allele
 $i$ - the frequency of i allele

Then:
 $I^{A} I^{A}$ + $I^{A} i$ - the frequency of individuals with A blood type
 $I^{B} I^{B}$ + $I^{B} i$ - the frequency of individuals with B blood type
 $ii$ - the frequency of individuals with O blood type

Let's first take a look on the Dunker population:
$I^{A} = 0.3$
$ii=0.16
$

Since there is only one possible genotype for O individuals - ii - the frequency of the allele i is square root of the frequency of O individuals:
 $i= \sqrt{ii}$
⇒ $i = \sqrt{0.16}$
⇒ $i=0.4$

Now, we have the frequencies of two alleles ( $I^{A}$ and $i$ ). To calculate the frequency of $I^{B}$ allele, we will use the formula:
 $I^{A} + I^{B} + i = 1$
⇒ $I^{B} = 1- I^{A} - i$
⇒ $I^{B} = 1-0.3-0.4$
⇒ $I^{B} = 0.3$

Now, in the general population:
$I^{A} = 0.4$
$ii=0.25$

Similarly to the work for the Dunker population:
 $i= \sqrt{ii}$
⇒ $i = \sqrt{0.25}$
⇒ $i=0.5$

$I^{A} + I^{B} + i = 1$
⇒ $I^{B} = 1- I^{A} - i$
⇒ $I^{B} = 1-0.4-0.5$
⇒ $I^{B} = 0.1$


b) A founder effect is a result of geographical separation of a few individuals from the original population. Those founding individuals will form a new population. The Dunker population was not only geographically separated, but also genetically. The group interbreeding was present resulting in increasing those allele frequencies that were the most common in the founding population. In this case, the most individuals from the founding population had B blood type.

6 0

4 years ago

In a population of birds, the average beak size is favored. What type of selection is this?

alexira [117]

Answer:

C. Stabilizing selection

Explanation:

Natural selection, is of three different types namely: disruptive selection, directional selection and stabilizing selection. Disruptive selection occurs when the two extremes of a population are being favored over the average or intermediate.

Directional occurs when one extreme of a population is favored. However, in STABILIZING SELECTION, the average or intermediate population is favored over both extremes of a population. Example is when the average-sized beaks of a bird population is being favored over the long and short ones (extremes).

4 0

3 years ago

What are the principles basis of classification?

mariarad [96]

Answer:

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

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What are the three things that a plant needs to make its own food matter? What happens when a plant does not get these things? *

Kryger [21]

Answer:

Plants need carbon dioxide , water and sunlight to make their own food. if the plant does not get these things, the plant will stop converting carbon dioxide and air pollutant to organic material

Explanation:

8 0

4 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What might happen if someone is deficient in vitamin C and D? Briefly Explain.

statuscvo [17]

Explanation:

Deficiency of Vit C may lead to Scurvy which is characterized by bleeding gums and weak teeth.

This is because Vit C (ascorbic acid) helps in keeping healthy bones, teeth and gums

5 0

3 years ago