These were the Muslim minorities from the Balkans. This happened in the southeast of Europe during the 19th century. Due to discrimination and persecution, they were forced by the majority to flee their homelands. Specifically, this happened in 1912 during the Balkan Wars. They were shunned because of being part of the ethnic minorities.
They affect the biosphere because the biosphere is were the living animals are and plants live and it could harm them.
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The two main power units for the tectonic cycle are the Sun and the interior of the Earth's core. These affect almost all changes of the lithosphere.
The correct answer is - inner core.
The Earth's inner core is the deepest layer of the Earth, and it practically represents the center of the Earth. It is a layer composed predominantly of iron-nickel alloy. In here we have the biggest temperatures and pressures, the temperature on the surface on the inner core is estimated to be like that of the Sun's surface, 5430 C degrees.