The theme highlighted in the mentioned excerpt would be perseverance.
The excerpt tells of Rainsford's courageous act of braving the sea to go to the direction of the shots despite of the harsh conditions at the sea. This is evidenced by the phrase "he fought the sea".
The term "doggedly" also describes a persistent pursuit which was what Rainsford showed. He showed perseverance in his actions.
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
You did not provide any specif context, text, or further reference.
So we are going to answer this question in general terms.
The factors in creating a global empathic civilization would be democratic institutions that could be overseen by an international organization that truly is independently managed and could have no particular agendas not serving the economic and political interests of any powerful nation.
Another factor could be that citizens from the rich country could live for a period of time in poor nations so they can learn what is to live in shortage of food, lack of services, insecurity, bad transportation services, so they can be more conscious of what they have, more responsible with the use of resources, stop consumerism, and would really help those nations that are struggling to survive on a daily basis.
By the way, there is a novel titled "The Empathic Civilization," written by American author Jeremy Rifkin in 2010. He is an economist that wrote a fictional book to invite people to reflect on how technological advances had influenced the development of humans in the modern world.
Maybe, you could be interested in reading it.
