A substitution missense affects only one codon, but a frameshift missense affects all codons downstream of the frameshift.
A frameshift mutation occurs during deletion of one of two nucleotides. The arrangement of codons downstream of the mutation will definitely change, hence it being called a frameshift mutation. On the other hand, a substitution mutation will only cause a change in one nucleotide of one codon.
Explanation:
A frameshift mutation causes new codons downstream of the mutation that will code for different amino acids hence changing the properties of the translated proteins. This will have great ramifications for the phenotype of the organism.
On the other hand, substitution mutation will only cause a change in the amino acid at that point of mutation during translation. This will not have a drastic change in the protein hence will not be as lethal as a frameshift mutation.
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For more on mutations check out;
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The nurse should inspect the perineum. After membrane rupture, the umbilical cord may have bulge into the vagina blocking the fetus from coming out. The perineum area should be checked to confirm that this has not happen. The checking should be done at regular interval until the baby comes out.
SS and ss.
The second generation will be Ss.
Hope that helps!
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